How lenders decide how much you can borrow
Before a lender looks at the house, the car or the loan purpose, it looks at one ratio: your debt-to-income ratio (DTI) — all your monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income. DTI answers the lender's real question: after your existing obligations, is there actually room in your budget for another payment? This calculator applies the standard back-end DTI method used in mortgage and personal-loan pre-qualification.
The eligibility formula
The maximum loan is then the present value of that monthly payment at the loan's rate and term — the same annuity math behind the Loan Calculator, run in reverse. Two households with identical incomes can qualify for very different amounts: the one with a car loan and card payments already has part of its DTI budget spent.
What DTI limit should you use?
- 36% — the traditional comfort zone; many lenders and financial advisers treat this as healthy.
- 43% — the ceiling for most qualified mortgages in the US; the default here.
- 50% — reached only with strong compensating factors (high credit score, large reserves, big down payment).
Remember that qualifying is not the same as affording. A lender does not see your grocery bill, childcare or savings goals — borrow against your real budget, not the maximum a formula allows.
Three ways to raise your eligibility
Pay down existing debts — every $100 of monthly payment you eliminate frees roughly $100 of new payment room, dollar for dollar. Increase documented income — a raise, a co-borrower, or two years of side income on tax returns. Choose a longer term or lower rate — the same monthly payment supports a larger loan, though at a higher total interest cost.
Worked example
You earn $6,000 a month and already pay $400 toward debts. At a 43% DTI limit, a lender allows $2,580 of total monthly debt payments; subtracting your $400 leaves $2,180 for a new loan. At 7.5% over 20 years, that payment supports a loan of about $270,600. Eliminate the $400 of existing debts first, and the same income qualifies for roughly $320,300 — a $49,700 difference without earning a cent more.
How to use this calculator
- Enter your gross monthly income — before tax, as lenders see it.
- Add up your existing monthly debt payments: cards (use minimum payments), car loans, student loans, other installments.
- Set the DTI limit — 43% is the common lending ceiling; use 36% for a conservative estimate.
- Enter the rate and term you expect for the new loan.
- Read your estimated maximum loan — then sanity-check it against your real household budget.
DTI is not the whole decision
Lenders also weigh your credit score, employment stability, savings/reserves and — for mortgages — the property's value (loan-to-value). A strong DTI with a weak credit score can still mean a smaller loan or a higher rate. Use this page to plan, the Mortgage Calculator to cost a specific home, and treat any lender's pre-approval letter as the authoritative number.